With the ProcessLab analysis system several sample preparation techniques such as filtration of water samples, extraction of organic substances and digestion by heating under reflux have been put into practice.

MI-2006-2-8

How to handle separation columns properly

AN-V-050

Concentrations and standards in voltammetry

Calculation of concentrations in different units. What is the meaning of «ppt», «ppm» and «ppb»

AN-V-049

Standard buffers and reagents in voltammetry

Preparation of standard buffers and reagents for voltammetry. Reagents used must be « puriss.» grade, «p.a.» or better. All solutions have to be prepared with ultrapure water (<1µS/cm, 20°C).

AN-S-254

MISP – Metrohm Inline-Ultrafiltration – Cross Contamination < 0.1%

Determination of the cross contamination of 100 mg/L of fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, phosphate and sulfate to ultrapure water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and Inline Ultrafiltration.

AN-S-183

Advanced inline dialysis setup for ion chromatography

Determination of acetate, chloride, nitrate, phosphate and sulfate in mayonnaise using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and advanced dialysis for inline sample preparation.

AN-O-036

The use of the Metrohm CO₂ Suppressor (MCS) in the determination of organic acids

Determination of formate, acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, isovalerate, valerate and capronate added to tap water using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after suppression. The MCS is placed upstream of the chemical suppressor to remove interfering CO₂.

AN-O-019

Comparison of suppressed and non-suppressed detection in ion exclusion chromatography

Determination of glycolic acid, formic acid, glutaric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in a standard solution using ion exclusion chromatography with suppressed and non-suppressed conductivity detection.

AB-309

Spare parts for ProcessLab

This application bulletin (AB) gives an overview of the available spare parts for ProcessLab. Please note that some parts are consumables and should be replaced regularly.

AB-299

The ProcessLab I/O controller

To enable a seamless integration into the process environment the ProcessLab atline analyzer includes a so-called I/O controller. Equipped with functional terminals it allows you to connect a large variety of equipment and offers various communication possibilities. It is the heart of the ProcessLab process integration and thanks to its high flexibility it can be adapted to all modern process plant surroundings.

The functionality is completely integrated into the tiamo for ProcessLab software from where all devices of a system are controlled.

AB-265

Hamilton PRP-X100 IC anion column (6.1005.000)

This Bulletin describes the determination by ion chromatography of anions, particularly fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate and sulfate using the Hamilton PRPX100 IC anion column without chemical suppression.

AB-262

Phenomenex Star Ion A300 IC anion column (6.1005.100) for the determination of anions with chemical suppression

This Bulletin describes the determination by ion chromatography of anions, particularly fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, orthophosphate and sulfate using the Phenomenex Star Ion A300 IC anion column with chemical suppression.

AB-261

Metrosep Anion Dual 2 IC column (6.1006.100) for the determination of anions with and without chemical suppression

This Bulletin describes the determination by ion chromatography of anions, particularly fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, orthophosphate and sulfate using the Metrosep Anion Dual 2 IC column with and without chemical suppression.

AB-260

Metrosep Anion Dual 1 IC glass cartridge (6.1006.020)

This Bulletin describes the determination by ion chromatography of anions, particularly fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, orthophosphate and sulfate using the Metrosep Anion Dual 1 IC glass cartridge with and without chemical suppression.

AB-214

Dispensing, diluting and standard preparation in HPLC, AAS and polarographic laboratories

Dosing, diluting and the preparation of calibration standards are among the most frequent tasks carried out by technicians in modern analytical laboratories. This Bulletin is intended to make such routine work easier. With the relatively low investment in a Dosimat these routine tasks can be carried out more quickly, more precisely and therefore more reliably.

By using practical examples this Bulletin provides the user of a 725 or 665 Dosimat with practical information about applications in the fields of HPLC, polarography and AAS. Sample preparation and throughput are considerably improved for modern analytical instruments operated with high capital investment.

AB-211

Sample preparation for ion chromatography

The sample preparation for ion chromatography is divided into steps which should generally be implemented to preserve the column and into steps which should be performed to obtain an improved chromatogram. The goal is to have the test substance in ionic form in solution without the presence of interfering substances.

AB-137

Karl Fischer water determination with the KF Coulometer

Coulometric water determination is primarily used for the determination of small amounts of water. Metrohm KF Coulometers work in a determination range from 10 μg...200 mg H₂O with a resolution of 0.1 μg H₂O. Larger amounts of water require a lot of time and/or may exceed the water capacity of the KF reagent, which produces inaccurate results. In coulometry the electric current is used to generate the reagent instead of a buret - resulting in a type of «electronic buret». The current releases, by electrolysis, the stoichiometrically equivalent amount of iodine from the iodine-containing KF reagent.

AB-118

Bibliography for electrochemical detection in HPLC

Bibliography for electrochemical detection in HPLC

AB-115

Bibliography for stripping voltammetry

Bibliography for stripping voltammetry

AB-102

Conductometry

This Bulletin is made up of two parts. The first part treats the theoretical basis of conductometry in a simple manner; the second, practice-oriented part deals with the following subjects:

Determination of the cell constant
Determination of the temperature coefficient
Conductivity measurements in general
Conductivity measurements in water samples
Salinity (TDS – Total Dissolved Solids, expressed as NaCl content)
Conductometric titrations

AB-101

Complexometric titrations with the Cu ISE

This Bulletin describes the complexometric potentiometric titration of metal ions. An ion-selective copper electrode is used to indicate the endpoint of the titration. Since this electrode does not respond directly to complexing agents, the corresponding Cu complex is added to the solution. With the described electrode it is possible to determine water hardness and to analyze metal concentrations in electroplating baths, metal salts, minerals and ores. The following metal ions have been determined: Al³⁺, Ba²⁺, Bi³⁺, Ca²⁺, Co²⁺, Fe³⁺, Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺, Pb²⁺, Sr²⁺ and Zn²⁺.

AB-036

Polarographic analysis - half-wave potentials of inorganic substances

In the following tables the half-wave potentials or peak potentials of 90 metal ions are listed. The half-wave potentials (listed in volts) are measured at the dropping mercury electrode (DME) at 25 °C unless indicated otherwise.

AB-023

Literature dealing with the polarographic determination of organic nitro compounds

This Bulletin contains literature sources for the polarographic determination of organic nitro compounds.

AB-21

Bibliography concerning the polarographic determination of lead in different materials

Bibliography concerning the polarographic determination of lead in different materials

AB-007

Literature dealing with the application of polarography for the analysis of petroleum and petroleum products

Literature dealing with the application of polarography for the analysis of petroleum and petroleum products.

8.757.5003

Monograph: Practical Voltammetry (English)

The 13 experiments in this monograph are intended to introduce the reader to the basic principles of polarography and voltammetry at the mercury electrode and provide examples showing the use of these methods in analytical chemistry.

8.732.2003

Monograph: Ion Chromatography

Content: Theory of Ion Chromatography, Columns and Eluents
Authors: Dr. H. Schäfer, Dr. M. Läubli, Dr. R. Dörig

8.108.5001DE

Monograph Advanced detection techniques in ion chromatography

Analytical techniques such as chromatography that are based on separations are – without a further technique used for detection – not capable of use as complete, quantifying analytical methods. The choice of the detection principle is determined by the requirements of the selected separation principle and the properties of the analytes or the matrix. In ion chromatography the answer to the detector question is usually «conductivity detection».

Detection techniques that differ from conductivity detection will be briefly described under the term «advanced detection techniques» and compared with one another. The spectrum ranges from UV/VIS detection through electrochemical detection principles right up to modern atomic spectrometry and
mass spectrometry detectors.

8.038.5003

Monograph: Analysis of water samples and water constituents with Metrohm instruments (English)

We all need pure, healthy and clean water. The most diverse regulations and guideline have been developed worldwide and given rise to an independent branch of analytical science. The aim of this monograph is to show you which parameters and water constituents can be analyzed with Metrohm instruments.

8.036.5003

Monograph Practical thermometric Titrimetry (English)

This monograph is intended primarily for practicing industrial analytical chemists as an introduction to the technique of thermometric titrimetry. The main purpose is to describe the basics of the technique as well as a range of applications that are suitable for use with the 859 Titrotherm thermometric titration system.

8.035.5003

Monograph: Air Monitoring by Ion Chromatography

A literature reference book for different types of air analysis

Authors: Dr. Markus Läubli, Deepak Parab, Dr. Kai Henning Viehweger

8.029.5003

Monograph: Practical Titration

This Titration Tutorial is primarily intended for training purposes but can also be used to advantage in any laboratory. It is intended to explain the theory in a simple manner and, by using practical examples, demonstrate just how versatile and accurate titrimetric analyses are.

8.028.5003

Monograph: Conductometry - Conductivity Measurement

This monograph intends to familiarize the reader with conductometry in a short time. Help is provided by the alphabetically arranged terms and definitions as well as the practical examples.

8.027.5003

Monograph: Introduction to Polarography and Voltammetry (English)

The monograph offers an easy-to-read introduction into the basics of polarographic and voltammetric trace analysis.

Numerous textbooks about electrochemistry already exist and are an indispensable basis for every scientist. Prof. Dr. G. Henze does not want to add another one to the extensive list. Instead, the basics are reduced to those topics that are relevant for polarographic and voltammetric trace analysis.

On just 60 pages the most important current measurement techniques are described in an illustrative matter with self-explanatory figures: Direct current methods, pulse methods as well as alternating current methods are covered. Polarographic methods and the various types of stripping voltammetric techniques are the second main focus. Chapters about instrumentation and sample preparation complete the monograph.

The monograph is recommended for everyone who wants to know more about trace analysis using polarography and stripping voltammetry.

The Metrohm Monograph «Practical Voltammetry with the VA Computrace» complements this booklet in an ideal way. Practical hints supplement the background information and basics.

8.026.5013

Monograph: Water determination by Karl Fischer Titration (English)

This monograph first describes the basics of Karl Fischer titration. It covers not only the KF reagents, chemical reactions, volumetric and coulometric titration as well as the different detection methods, but also deals with aspects such as interfering side reactions and sample preparation techniques.

The second part of the monograph contains detailed procedures for the determination of water in different samples and covers more than 900 substances. The spectrum ranges from raw materials through cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs and plastics up to gaseous samples.

8.026.5011

Monograph: Water determination by Karl Fischer Titration (German)

8.025.5003

Monograph: Sample Preparation Techniques for Ion Chromatography

Content:

Sample preparation techniques for ion chromatography - an overview (Dr. W. Frenzel)
Solid-phase extraction as a sample preparation technique (Prof. Dr. A. Seubert)
Inline techniques for IC sample preparation (Dr. H. Schäfer)
Dialysis as an automatable sample preparation technique for ion chromatography (Dr. W. Frenzel)
Extraction techniques as sample preparation methods for IC (G. Bogenschütz)
Conventional digestion techniques in ion analysis with IC (J. Schäfer)
Quality assurance measures in concentration determinations with sample preparation techniques (Prof. Dr. A. Seubert)
Description of practical experiments (G. Bogenschütz)

8.021.5003

Monograph Ion Analysis from A to Z

8.016.5003

Monograph Practical aspects of modern Titration

Introduction; sample preparation; Basic principles of titrimetric analysis; Performing titrations

Authors: Dr. W. Richter; Dr. U. Tinner

8.015.5013

Monograph: Electrodes in Potentiometry

Basics of potentiometric measurement; ion-selective electrodes; redox electrodes; Ag metal electrodes; reference electrodes; which electrode for which application?

Author: Dr. Chr. Haider

8.014.5003

Monograph Ion Chromatography

Theory of Ion Chromatography; Columns and Eluents

Authors: Dr. H. Schäfer, Dr. M. Läubli, Dr. R. Dörig

8.005.5003

Monograph: Stripping Voltammetry

8.000.6006EN

The upcoming new IC column generation: new column types with built-in intelligence

Applications of the new generation of anion exchanger columns are presented.

8.000.6006DE

The upcoming new IC column generation: new column types with built-in intelligence

Applications of the new generation of anion exchanger columns are presented.