Iron can be determined in ethanol by adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) at the HMDE. PIPES buffer is used as supporting electrolyte and catechol as complexing agent at a pH value of 7.0.

AN-V-116

Zinc and lead in ethanol

Zn and Pb are determined by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) in acetate buffer at pH 4.6.

AN-V-067

Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone in methanol

Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone are determined in methanol as hydrazone after reaction with hydrazine sulfate

AN-V-065

Tungsten in the organic phase

Determination of W(VI) in the organic phase after digestion

AN-V-052

Vanadium, nickel, cobalt and chromium in solvents

Determination of vanadium, nickel, cobalt and chromium in a solvent after digestion.

AN-V-023

Aluminum in an alkaline ZnO solution

Determination of Al in alkaline ZnO solution with Eriochrome Blue Black R at 60°C

AN-V-022

Antimony and bismuth in an alkaline ZnO solution in one run

Simultaneous determination of Sb and Bi in an alkaline ZnO solution

AN-S-276

Halogens and sulfur in residual solvent using Combustion IC

Determination of fluoride, chloride, bromide and sulfate in a residual solvent using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after sequential suppression.

AN-S-227

Anions in dimethylacetamide

Determination of chloride, bromide, nitrate, phosphate and sulfate in dimethylacetamide using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-S-131

Determination of lactate, acetate, chloride, methylsulfate, bromide and sulfate

Determination of lactate, acetate, chloride, methylsulfate, bromide and sulfate using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-S-122

Fluoride, glycolate, chloride and oxalate in a latex dispersion

Determination of fluoride, glycolate, chloride and oxalate in a latex dispersion using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

AN-S-111

Traces of chromate in a dyestuff solution

Determination of chromate in dyestuff solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-S-094

Chloroacetates in long-chain carboxylic acids using dialysis for sample preparation

Determination of monochloroacetate (MCA) and dichloroacetate (DCA) in long-chain carboxylic acids using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

AN-S-093

Nitrate, phosphate, sulfate and chromate in a cataphoretic paint bath

Determination of nitrate, phosphate, sulfate and chromate in a cataphoretic paint bath using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-S-089

Acetate and dichloroacetate in monochloroacetic acid

Determination of acetate and dichloroacetate in chloroacetic acid using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-S-084

Chloride, phosphate, phosphite and sulfate in a dye solution

Determination of chloride, phosphate, phosphite and sulfate in a dye solution using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-S-064

Glycolate, acetate and chloride in monochloroacetic acid

Determination of glycolate, acetate and chloride in monochloroacetic acid (MCA) using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-S-061

Anions in ink using dialysis for sample preparation

Determination of chloride, sulfate, maleate, oxalate and fumarate in ink using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

AN-S-050

Chloride, nitrate and sulfate in methanol

Determination of chloride, nitrate and sulfate in methanol using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-S-041

Sulfate in diesel engine coolant using dialysis for sample preparation

Determination of sulfate in diesel engine coolant using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression and dialysis for sample preparation.

AN-S-006

Hypophosphite, phosphate and organic acids in ethylene glycol

Determination of hypophosphite, formate, phosphate, adipate, p-nitrobenzoate and sebacate in ethylene glycol using anion chromatography with conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-O-026

L-Lactide, citrate and lactate in acetone solution

Determination of L-lactide, citrate and lactate in an acetone solution using ion exclusion chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

AN-O-013

Lactate, formate and acetate in a cataphoretic paint bath

Determination of lactate, formate and acetate in a cataphoretic paint bath using ion exclusion chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

AN-N-057

Chloride and sulfate in a reactive dye

Determination of chloride and sulfate in a reactive dye using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection. Suppressed IC does not work as the dye is hydrolyzed in alkaline solution and releases sulfate.

AN-N-042

Silicate and borate in ethylene glycol

Determination of silicate and borate in ethylene glycol using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection after chemical suppression.

AN-N-039

Iodide in wastewater (dye industry) using dialysis for sample preparation

Determination of iodide in wastewater (dye industry) using anion chromatography with amperometric detection at the silver electrode and dialysis for sample preparation.

AN-N-008

Five anions in an organic solvent (toluene)

Determination of acetate, formate, chloride, bromide and sulfate in toluene mother liquor using anion chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

AN-K-045

Water in methylcyclohexane

The water content in methylcyclohexane is determined by coulometric Karl Fischer titration.

AN-K-043

Water in aniline

The water content of aniline is determined according to Karl Fischer in buffered solvent.

AN-K-033

Water in piperidine and piperazine

The water content of piperidine and piperazine is determined according to Karl Fischer using a buffered solvent mixture.

AN-K-028

Water in color paste

The water content of color paste is determined according to Karl Fischer.

AN-K-023

Water in ethylene dichloride

The water content of ethylene dichloride is determined according to Karl Fischer. As the sample may contain free chlorine, which interferes with the determination, separate KF reagents have to be used.

AN-K-005

Water in ink

The water content of ink is determined according to Karl Fischer.

AN-H-019

Determination of chlorine in household bleaches

Determination of chlorine in household bleaches.

AN-C-027

Calcium, magnesium and potassium in sodium carbonate

Determination of potassium, calcium and magnesium in sodium carbonate using cation chromatography with direct conductivity detection.

AB-310

Iodine adsorption number of carbon black according to ASTM D1510

ProcessLab is a robust industrial analyzer that incorporates all needed equipment in a sealed case. It comes ready to use – including an industrial PC and operating unit as well as all needed analytical instruments. After the user has placed the sample(s) and pressed the start button, the system automatically carries out the calibration and sample determination(s). Detailed results are available for export via corporate ethernet or analog output lines.
The ProcessLab setup described here carries out a fully automated determination of the iodine adsorption number (IAN) of a carbon black using a sample processor.
That allows many samples to be analyzed in one single run. The setup includes the needed components for all measurements and, thanks to its flexibility, is able to meet specific demands on site.

AB-270

Synthesis of phenyl azonaphthol

The important class of azo dyes comprises more compounds than all other classes of dyes together. The azo compounds form the basis of many dyestuffs and pigments used in the textile, paper and wood industries today.

This Bulletin describes the automated synthesis of phenyl azonaphthol by diazotization of aniline and subsequent azo coupling with 2-naphthol. The 711 Liquino is used to control and monitor the whole process.

AB-196

Polarographic determination of formaldehyde

Formaldehyde can be determined reductively at the DME. Depending on the sample composition it may be possible to determine the formaldehyde directly in the sample. If interferences occur then sample preparation may be necessary, e.g. absorption, extraction, or distillation.
Two methods are described. In the first method formaldehyde is reduced directly in alkaline solution. Higher concentrations of alkaline or alkaline earth metals interfere. In such cases the second method can be applied. Formaldehyde is derivatized with hydrazine forming the hydrazone, which can be measured polarographically in acidic solution.

8.000.6036EN

Water determination in the process environment

The atline system presented here enables water to be determined quickly and easily. Its robust design makes it insensitive to harsh production environments. Thanks to its modular structure it can be adapted to any particular process, and water contents between 0.02 and 50% can be determined in numerous intermediate and end products. All the analytical results are available for monitoring and control purposes and can be exported either via Ethernet or analog outputs on the I/O controller or processed further in a process control system.

8.000.6036DE

Water determination in the process environment

8.000.6020EN

Titrimetric analyses of biofuels

Several testing methods such as the determination of the acid and the iodine numbers in biodiesel as well as the quantification of sulfate and chloride in bioethanol are described.

8.000.6020DE

Titrimetric analyses of biofuels

Several testing methods such as the determination of the acid and the iodine numbers in biodiesel as well as the quantification of sulfate and chloride in bioethanol are described.

8.000.6005EN

Hyphenated techniques as modern detection systems in ion chromatography

The coupling of highly efficient ion chromatography (IC) to multi-dimensional detectors such as a mass spectrometer (MS) or an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP/MS) significantly increases sensitivity while simultaneously reducing possible matrix interference to the absolute minimum. By means of IC/MS several oxyhalides such as bromate and perchlorate can be detected in the sub-ppb range. Additionally, organic acids can be precisely quantified through mass-based determination even in the presence of high salt matrices.
By means of IC-ICP/MS different valence states of the potentially hazardous chromium, arsenic and selenium in the form of inorganic and organic species can be sensitively and unambiguously identified in one single run.